「あの人は依存的だ」とか「いつまでも依存しないで早く自立しなさい」
と多くの場合否定的表現として使われているように思う依存性
乳幼児の保育と教育ー子供の最善の利益をもとめてー
という大学の科目の一説から考えています。
ひとがこの世という社会に現れた時からの話です。
デューイ(1859－1952)というひとは人間の発達的特性として
未成熟な状態で生まれ、その未成熟の期間が長いことをあげています。
人間は、依存しないでは生きていけないということがじつはその発達にとって
とてもたいせつな意味をもち、その無力さが、世話をしてくれる人を必要とし
具体的には最初の母子関係が形成され、父子関係、きょうだい関係や友達関係
が広がる基となる。発達的には全面的に安心しきって依存する状態から、
自分でできることは自分でしできないことに限って助けを求めるようになりやがては
自分でできるよう助けを求めるという学習の援助へと移行する。
このように考えるなら
依存性がなくなることによって人間は自立するのではなくて
ひとは社会的存在であり、助けたり、助けられたりしながら社会生活を送っているというところまでいきつきます。
大切なのは「相互依存性」が適切に発達することなのです。
うーん。ひとがひとり生まれ生きてゆくっておもしろいなぁ。
この適切に！っていうのが、ひととして機能するってことなのかな？
またこのあたりは次回にするとして、
一番私が意識にあげるのは 自立は自分でしていくもので
いかに有能に援助してゆけるか
また依存的なひとはなぜ依存的なのかと客観的にみてゆけること。
子育てにも通じるかな？
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